Subject Control
PRO in an embedded clause is controlled by the subject in the matrix clause. (syntax)
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Subject-to-Subject Raising
The subject of an embedded clause moves to the subject position of the matrix predicate for EPP and Case checking. (syntax)
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Subjunctive
Indicating a hypothetical situation. (semantics)
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Subordinate Clause
A subordinate clause, e.g., a relative clause, a noun clause, and an adverbial clause, cannot stand on its own, but must be attached to an independent clause. (syntax)
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Substrate
A language variety that is pressured from “above” and becomes influenced by characteristics of a “superstrate” variety; the substrate is often perceived by the community as being of lower social standing. (sociolinguistics)
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Subtractive Morphology
A morphological category is marked by deleting some segment from another form. (morphology)
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Suffix
An affix that is attached to the right of a stem. (morphology)
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Superstrate
A prestige language variety that influences another variety through contact from “above,” i.e., through promulgation of characteristics perceived by the community as being of higher social standing. (sociolinguistics)
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Suppletion
When a word form is not phonologically derived from the base form to mark a type of inflection/derivation. (Ex. Happy –> Happier, Happiest vs. Good–>Better–>Best: Better and Best are suppletive forms of Good.) (morphology)
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Suprafix
A suprafix marks a morphological category with a suprasegmental feature, e.g., stress, length, and tone. (morphology)
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